Quality Assurance
Performance Considerations
Intrinsic Performance Issues
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Extrinsic Performance Issues

A great strength of the language is its simplicity. Or more truthfully, it is very easy to write inefficient code in Java. A more thorough understanding of the language is however necessary to devise reasonably efficient code.
For instance, the Vector class, which is probably the most widely used collection class, is thread-safe (i.e. declared synchronized). The protection mechanism has a performance cost that may of course be justified in a multi-threaded environment, but not in a purely sequential programme path. The ArrayList class, in all other respects equivalent to the Vector class, is not synchronized.